摘 要
本文设计了一款基于STM32F103C8T6单片机的车载环境监测与控制系统。该系统能够实时监测车内温湿度、烟雾浓度、甲醛浓度和粉尘浓度。使用DHT11传感器监测温湿度，当温度超出正常范围时，系统会自动打开空调（风扇模拟）；若温度正常，则继续监测温湿度参数。利用MQ-2传感器监测烟雾浓度，一旦检测到烟雾浓度异常，系统会立即启动风扇进行通风，并触发声光报警；若烟雾浓度正常，则持续监测相关参数。通过MS1100传感器监测甲醛浓度，若甲醛浓度超标，系统会自动开启风扇通风；若浓度正常，则继续监测。采用GP2Y1014AU传感器监测粉尘浓度，当粉尘浓度过高时，系统会启动负离子发生器以净化空气；若粉尘浓度正常，则保持监测状态。OLED显示模块用于实时显示监测数据，同时，按键模块允许用户设置各项参数的阈值。系统通过WiFi模块将监测数据实时传输至手机端，从而实现了远程监控和参数设置的功能。
关键词：车载；STM32；传感器；WiFi；环境检测
Abstract
This paper presents the design of a vehicle environmental monitoring and control system based on the STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller. The system is capable of real-time monitoring of temperature, humidity, smoke concentration, formaldehyde concentration, and dust concentration within the vehicle. For temperature and humidity monitoring, the DHT11 sensor is employed. Should the temperature exceed the predefined normal range, the system will automatically activate the air conditioning unit (simulated by a fan). If the temperature remains within the normal range, continuous monitoring of temperature and humidity parameters will persist. The MQ-2 sensor is utilized for smoke concentration monitoring. Upon detecting abnormal smoke levels, the system will immediately initiate ventilation via the fan and trigger both audio and visual alarms. Normal smoke concentrations result in continued parameter monitoring. Formaldehyde concentration is monitored using the MS1100 sensor. Exceeding standard formaldehyde levels prompts automatic activation of the ventilation fan. Normal concentrations lead to ongoing monitoring. The GP2Y1014AU sensor monitors dust concentration. High dust levels trigger the negative ion generator for air purification. Normal dust concentrations maintain the monitoring state. An OLED display module provides real-time visualization of monitoring data, while a button module enables users to set threshold values for various parameters. Through the WiFi module, the system transmits monitoring data to mobile terminals in real time, thereby enabling remote monitoring and parameter adjustment.
Key Words：Vehicle;STM32 ;Sensor ; WiFi; Environment Monitoring
目 录
摘 要
Abstract
1 引 言
1.1 选题背景及意义
1.2 国内外发展历程
1.2.1 国内研究现状
1.2.2 国外研究现状
2 系统总体设计
2.1 整体设计方案
2.2 主要元器件选择
2.2.1 主控芯片选型
2.2.2 温湿度检测模块选型
2.2.3 烟雾检测模块选型
2.2.4 甲醛检测模块选型
2.2.5 粉尘检测模块选型
3 硬件设计
3.1 主控电路设计
3.2 温湿度检测模块电路设计
3.3 烟雾检测模块电路设计
3.4 甲醛检测模块电路设计
3.5 粉尘检测模块电路设计
3.6 执行模块电路设计
3.7 显示模块电路设计
3.8 按键模块电路设计
3.9 声光报警模块电路设计
3.10 WiFi模块电路设计
4 系统程序设计
4.1 开发环境介绍
4.2 主程序流程图设计
4.3 温湿度检测模块子流程设计
4.4 烟雾检测模块子流程设计
4.5 甲醛检测模块子流程设计
4.6 粉尘检测模块子流程设计
4.7 WiFi模块子流程设计
4.8 按键模块子流程设计
5 系统调试
5.1 温湿度检测模块实物测试
5.2 烟雾检测模块实物测试
5.3 甲醛检测模块实物测试
5.4 粉尘检测模块实物测试
5.5 WiFi模块实物测试
5.6 测试结果
6 结 论
参考文献
附录A 原理图
附录B PCB
附录C 主程序
致 谢
