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外文文献
智能校园与学习管理系统
Smart Campus with A Learning Management System
院(部)名称：计算机科学与技术学院
专 业：数据科学与大数据技术
班 级：
学生姓名：
学 号：
指导教师姓名：
指导教师职称：
2024年2月27日
Smart Campus with A Learning Management System
Abstract. Education now requires fast data access and new breakthroughs to support education in Indonesia. Data-based business opportunities that use campus-specific portals in Indonesian education are not new, but also not all levels of education have implemented this system. The purpose of this study is to describe the benefits of using an internal portal campus for the advancement of education and to analyze business opportunities in education. This study used a descriptive method to illustrate the accuracy of the benefits using the campus internal Learning Management System as well as using previous research related to the study. To access data quickly, collages need to build an Information and Communication Technology (ICT) infrastructure, which does not require small capital to build ICT infrastructure, on the other hand, the Learning Management System is an alternative solution for students and lectures. The results of this study show that the function of the Learning Management System is useful in the education field because it can reduce computing costs and increase opportunities for the ICT industry.
1.Introduction
Nowadays, business is starting to compete globally, not only in terms of satisfying customers and the best service but can also contribute to improve the intelligence of the nation through the world of education. The world of education means the availability of channels or facilities that can be used to deliver educational programs. Today's education world requires fast and accurate data access. With the campus internal portal system, we can control all activities at the campus through mobile devices, tablets, laptops, or PCs from home. As a result, the system will be integrated from the central database and the control system (automation system) can monitor the activities of lecturers and students. With this integration, campus leaders can control teaching and learning activities as well as educational information devices [1].
Learning Management System (LMS) is a combination of hardware, internet network technology, and virtualization simultaneously. LMS is also an evidence of the rapid technological advancements so that it can provide direct education to students easily. LMS is a central of all administration systems, such as student administration, lecture evaluations, attendance, e-Learning, Assignments, Quizzes, as well as Midterm and Final Examination [2]. To make the system interesting and easy for users, a special content management system was developed in the Smart Campus. The complete system consists of a set of flares and applications that can be accessed using a smartphone or PC as well as a Laptop [3]. LMS not only facilitates in various aspects of campus administration but also increases job satisfaction such as productivity in working and achieving work quality improvement. This can be seen from significant numbers based on several variables measured to see the effectiveness the use of LMS. The variables measured include work quality, productivity, and lecturer satisfaction. [4]. LMS is present as a paradigm shift in the delivery of information technology resources and services [5]. LMSis a media that has the main purpose for customization based on user experience and responses. In other words, LMS provides almost everything that is needed by the user simultaneously in one place [6]. LMS is created as a complement to the education field, it is concentrating heavily on teaching activities as well as learning support activities [7]. In recent years, LMS is considered as a sufficient technology for flexibility in the application and scaling of applications, which are derived in stages from the administration, learning, and various examinations. [8]. LMS refers to applications that provide educational services via the Internet that integrates the hardware and software systems from data centers [9]. The LMS service also has a function as an interactive campus internal education calendar [10].
The purpose of this study is to describe the benefits of using an internal portal campus for the advancement of education and to analyze business opportunities in education. This study used descriptive methods to illustrate the accuracy of the benefits of using the campus internal Learning Management System.
2.Method
This study used descriptive methods to illustrate the accuracy of the benefits of using an internal campus Learning Management System. In addition, this research also used previous research related to the development of Learning Management Systems as a reference and comparison. This research was conducted at a private campus in Bandung city named Universitas Komputer Indonesia.
3. Results and Discussion
Learning Management Systems can be used to monitor staff and students, as well as keep track of assessment and training records. Lecturers can determine whether their course is run for several students in a long period or in a shorter period. The Learning Management System makes it easier for lecturers to deliver their course and help the course to run smoothly. LMS also has a reporting system. LMS offers various features such as the following features:
Easy GUI
GUI which stands of Graphical User Interface makes LMS users can customize the options. Therefore, they can have a unique display according to their preferences.
Customization
LMS offers several different customization options to correspond according to the user needs.Language choices, notification settings, and other important features can be changed based on user desires.
Enrollment
This system allows students to register online and see the progress of the course as well as the results of the tests that students have.
Virtual class (Virtual Classroom)
This feature helps lecturers to schedule their sessions. This might give the lecturers the ability to send invitations or reminders for class sessions and integrate with the online calendar system, or with outlook.
Social network
Some LMS might be able to integrate with social media so the users can share content or news items via Twitter, Facebook, and etc.
Means of Communication
The LMS system must also have an ability to built-in functions for communicating with students, such as sending mass emails to the students in a particular course, to individual students, or to students who are learning certain pathways. The system also can send the schedule automated through e-mails, which can be very useful for informing students about upcoming virtual tests or class sessions. LMS might provide a chat room or forum that lecturers and students can use.
Reports
The LMS has a reporting system that users can enter, generate reports that can export to Excel, and offers a graphical representation of data for easy understanding.
Learning Management System provides a variety of features that can help students to find out what activities the students are currently taking, such as ongoing classes, calendars to view upcoming events, and important information related to the lectures. If the students log in to the LMS, they will be directed to the student dashboard. The student dashboard displays a page that contains a notification of students' activities such as assignments and task deadlines (see Figure 1).
Figure 1. LMS Dashboard
The learning management system also provides a calendar feature that contains information about the tasks that must be done by the deadlines specified. This feature is helpful to remind students about the tasks to be performed and the deadline so that students can complete the task on time (see Figure 2).
Figure 2. LMS Calendar
One of the functions of the LMS is students can take classes according to the semester they are currently in, then after taking classes students will go to my course page. On the course page, students can see what classes are going on and how far the process is. On this page, students can also see a list of students who are also currently accessing LMS. The system also provides online discussion forums, discussion mailing lists, and chat (see Figure 3).
Figure 3. Course Page
After downloading the material provided by the lecturer, students will automatically be present in attendance. This is one of the features that are very helpful in the student attendance process. Wherestudents no longer need to sign absences in a class, only by downloading material, students have been declared to be present. Certainly, attendance is following the policies of each lecturer. For the effectiveness, every time students download material they must read and understand the material, and the lecturer will conduct tests in the form of questions about the material provided. For students who do not understand the material, they will be assisted by the lecturer by providing guidance and for students who have not read the material are allowed to read first before attending the class (see Figure 4).
Figure 4. Course on progress
LMS has many classes in it, both from one or more faculties. The existing system requires every student who wants to take the class to enter the enrolment key. Enrolment keys can be obtained from lecturers in the class that the students want to attend. This feature helps to minimize students from entering the wrong class (see Figure 5).
Figure 5. Class Enrolment key
4.Conclusion
The education world requires the availability of all facilities that can be used to deliver educational programs. Education today needs access to data quickly and accurately. By using LMS services, users can access information anywhere and anytime. The campus can also maximize funds and provide the best service to students and lectures. Besides, this system can integrate all educational information in a website or application, ranging from administration, special email account services, materials, examinations, and attendance to the academic calendar. Other than that, business opportunities are also open for web developers to collaborate with Indonesian schools or campuses since they can facilitate service providers.
References
[1] Conde, M. Á., García-Peñalvo, F. J., Rodríguez-Conde, M. J., Alier, M., Casany, M. J., & Piguillem, J. (2014). An evolving Learning Management System for new educational environments using 2.0 tools. Interactive learning environments, 22(2), pp. 188-204.
[2] Plümicke, M. (2014). Integrated campus portal. In Novel Methods and Technologies for Enterprise Information Systems (pp. 249-260). Springer, Cham.
[3] Van Merode, D., Tabunshchyk, G., Patrakhalko, K., & Yuriy, G. (2016). Flexible technologies for smart campus. In 2016 13th International Conference on Remote Engineering and Virtual Instrumentation (REV) (pp. 64-68). IEEE.
[4] Luckyardi, S., & Syaroni, D. A. W. (2020). Assessment of Lecturer Satisfaction, Working Quality and Productivity Toward Learning Management System. In International Conference on Business, Economic, Social Science, and Humanities–Economics, Business and Management Track (ICOBEST-EBM 2019) (pp. 56-61). Atlantis Press.
[5] Zhu, Z. T., Yu, M. H., & Riezebos, P. (2016). A research framework of smart education. Smart learning environments, 3(1), pp. 4.
[6] Chen, N. S., Cheng, I. L., & Chew, S. W. (2016). Evolution is not enough: Revolutionizing current learning environments to smart learning environments. International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, 26(2), pp. 561-581.
[7] Lewis, T. L., Burnett, B., Tunstall, R. G., & Abrahams, P. H. (2014). Complementing anatomy education using three-dimensional anatomy mobile software applications on tablet computers. Clinical Anatomy, 27(3), pp. 313-320.
[8] Alshammari, S. H., Ali, M. B., & Rosli, M. S. (2016). The Influences of Technical Support, Self Efficacy and Instructional Design on the Usage and Acceptance of LMS: A Comprehensive Review. Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology-TOJET, 15(2), pp. 116-125.
[9] He, J., Lo, D. C. T., Xie, Y., & Lartigue, J. 2016. Integrating Internet of Things (IoT) into STEM undergraduate education: Case study of a modern technology infused courseware for embedded system course. In 2016 IEEE frontiers in education conference (FIE) (pp. 1-9). IEEE.
[10] Andreassen, M., Hemmingsson, H., Boman, I. L., Danielsson, H., & Jaarsma, T. 2020. Feasibility of an Intervention for Patients with Cognitive Impairment Using an Interactive Digital Calendar with Mobile Phone Reminders (RemindMe) to Improve the Performance of Activities in Everyday Life. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(7), pp. 2222.
智能校园与学习管理系统
摘要：教育现在需要快速的数据访问和新的突破来支持印度尼西亚的教育。在印尼教育中使用校园特定门户的基于数据的商机并不新鲜，但也不是所有级别的教育都实施了这一系统。本研究旨在描述使用内部门户校园促进教育发展的好处，并分析教育中的商机。本研究使用描述性方法来说明使用校园内部学习管理系统以及使用与本研究相关的先前研究的益处的准确性。为了快速访问数据，拼贴画需要建立信息和通信技术（ICT）基础设施，这不需要小资本来建设ICT基础设施，另一方面，学习管理系统是学生和讲座的替代解决方案。这项研究的结果表明，学习管理系统的功能在教育领域很有用，因为它可以降低计算成本，增加ICT行业的机会。
1.导言
如今，企业开始在全球范围内竞争，不仅在满足客户和提供最佳服务方面，而且还可以通过教育领域为提高国家的智力做出贡献。教育世界意味着可用于提供教育项目的渠道或设施的可用性。当今的教育世界需要快速准确的数据访问。借助校园内部门户系统，我们可以在家通过移动设备、平板电脑、笔记本电脑或PC控制校园内的所有活动。因此，该系统将与中央数据库集成，控制系统（自动化系统）可以监控讲师和学生的活动。通过这种整合，校园领导可以控制教学和学习活动以及教育信息设备[1]。
学习管理系统（LMS）是硬件、互联网技术和虚拟化的结合。LMS也是技术快速发展的证据，因此它可以轻松地为学生提供直接教育。LMS是所有管理系统的中心，如学生管理、讲座评估、出勤、电子学习、作业、测验以及期中和期末考试[2]。为了使系统对用户来说有趣且易于使用，智能校园开发了一个特殊的内容管理系统。完整的系统由一组信号弹和应用程序组成，可以使用智能手机或PC以及笔记本电脑访问[3]。LMS不仅促进了校园管理的各个方面，还提高了工作满意度，如工作效率和工作质量的提高。这可以从基于几个变量的显著数字中看出，这些变量被用来衡量LMS的使用效果。测量的变量包括工作质量、生产力和讲师满意度。4.LMS是信息技术资源和服务交付中的一种范式转变[5]。LMS是一种媒体，其主要目的是基于用户体验和响应进行定制。换句话说，LMS几乎在一个地方同时提供用户所需的一切[6]。LMS是作为教育领域的补充而创建的，它非常专注于教学活动和学习支持活动[7]。近年来，LMS被认为是一种足够的技术，可以灵活地应用和扩展应用程序，这些应用程序分阶段从管理、学习和各种考试中获得。8.LMS是指通过互联网提供教育服务的应用程序，该应用程序集成了数据中心的硬件和软件系统[9]。LMS服务还具有作为交互式校园内部教育日历的功能[10]。
本研究旨在描述使用内部门户校园促进教育发展的好处，并分析教育中的商机。本研究使用描述性方法来说明使用校园内部学习管理系统的益处的准确性。
2.方法
本研究使用描述性方法来说明使用内部校园学习管理系统的好处的准确性。此外，本研究还借鉴和比较了以往与学习管理系统发展相关的研究。这项研究是在万隆市一所名为印度尼西亚计算机大学的私立校园进行的。
3.结果和讨论
学习管理系统可用于监控员工和学生，以及跟踪评估和培训记录。讲师可以确定他们的课程是在很长一段时间内还是在较短的时间内为几个学生开设。学习管理系统使讲师更容易教授课程，并帮助课程顺利进行。LMS也有一个报告系统。LMS提供各种功能，例如以下功能：
简易GUI
GUI代表图形用户界面，使LMS用户可以自定义选项。因此，他们可以根据自己的喜好进行独特的展示。
定制化
LMS根据用户需求提供了多种不同的定制选项。语言选择、通知设置和其他重要功能可以根据用户的需求进行更改。
入学人数
该系统允许学生在线注册，查看课程进度以及学生的测试结果。
虚拟课堂
此功能可帮助讲师安排课程。这可能会使讲师能够发送课堂邀请或提醒，并与在线日历系统或outlook集成。
社交网络
一些LMS可能能够与社交媒体集成，这样用户就可以通过推特、脸书等分享内容或新闻。
沟通方式
LMS系统还必须具备与学生沟通的内置功能，例如向特定课程的学生、个别学生或正在学习某些途径的学生发送大量电子邮件。该系统还可以通过电子邮件自动发送时间表，这对于通知学生即将到来的虚拟测试或课堂非常有用。LMS可能会提供一个聊天室或论坛，供讲师和学生使用。
报告
LMS有一个报告系统，用户可以输入，生成可以导出到Excel的报告，并提供易于理解的数据图形表示。
学习管理系统提供了各种功能，可以帮助学生了解学生当前正在进行的活动，例如正在进行的课程、查看即将举行的活动的日历以及与讲座相关的重要信息。如果学生登录LMS，他们将被引导到学生仪表板。学生仪表板显示一个页面，其中包含学生活动的通知，如作业和任务截止日期（见图1）。
图1 LMS仪表板
学习管理系统还提供日历功能，其中包含有关必须在指定截止日期前完成的任务的信息。此功能有助于提醒学生要执行的任务和截止日期，以便学生能够按时完成任务（见图2）。
图2 LMS日历
LMS的功能之一是学生可以根据他们目前所在的学期上课，然后上课后学生将转到我的课程页面。在课程页面上，学生可以看到正在进行的课程以及课程进度。在此页面上，他们还可以看到当前也在访问LMS的学生列表。该系统还提供在线论坛、讨论邮件列表和聊天（见图3）。
图3 课程页面
下载讲师提供的材料后，学生将自动出席。这是对学生出勤过程非常有帮助的功能之一。如果学生不再需要在课堂上签字缺席，只需下载材料，学生就被宣布在场。当然，出勤率遵循每位讲师的政策。为了提高效率，每次学生下载材料时，他们都必须阅读并理解材料，讲师将以关于所提供材料的问题的形式进行测试。对于不理解材料的学生，讲师将通过提供指导来协助他们，对于没有阅读材料的学生可以在上课前先阅读（见图4）。
图4 进展课程
LMS有很多课程，来自一个或多个学院。现有的系统要求每个想上课的学生输入注册密钥。报名钥匙可以从学生想参加的班级的讲师那里获得。此功能有助于最大限度地减少学生进入错误的班级（见图5）。
图5 班级注册密钥
4.结论
教育界需要所有可用于提供教育项目的设施。今天的教育需要快速准确地获取数据。通过使用LMS服务，用户可以随时随地访问信息。校园还可以最大限度地利用资金，为学生和讲座提供最好的服务。此外，该系统可以将所有教育信息集成到网站或应用程序中，从管理、特殊电子邮件帐户服务、材料、考试和出勤到学术日历。除此之外，网络开发人员也有机会与印尼学校或校园合作，因为他们可以为服务提供商提供便利。
参考文献
[1] Conde, M. Á., García-Peñalvo, F. J., Rodríguez-Conde, M. J., Alier, M., Casany, M. J., & Piguillem, J. (2014). An evolving Learning Management System for new educational environments using 2.0 tools. Interactive learning environments, 22(2), pp. 188-204.
[2] Plümicke, M. (2014). Integrated campus portal. In Novel Methods and Technologies for Enterprise Information Systems (pp. 249-260). Springer, Cham.
[3] Van Merode, D., Tabunshchyk, G., Patrakhalko, K., & Yuriy, G. (2016). Flexible technologies for smart campus. In 2016 13th International Conference on Remote Engineering and Virtual Instrumentation (REV) (pp. 64-68). IEEE.
[4] Luckyardi, S., & Syaroni, D. A. W. (2020). Assessment of Lecturer Satisfaction, Working Quality and Productivity Toward Learning Management System. In International Conference on Business, Economic, Social Science, and Humanities–Economics, Business and Management Track (ICOBEST-EBM 2019) (pp. 56-61). Atlantis Press.
[5] Zhu, Z. T., Yu, M. H., & Riezebos, P. (2016). A research framework of smart education. Smart learning environments, 3(1), pp. 4.
[6] Chen, N. S., Cheng, I. L., & Chew, S. W. (2016). Evolution is not enough: Revolutionizing current learning environments to smart learning environments. International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, 26(2), pp. 561-581.
[7] Lewis, T. L., Burnett, B., Tunstall, R. G., & Abrahams, P. H. (2014). Complementing anatomy education using three-dimensional anatomy mobile software applications on tablet computers. Clinical Anatomy, 27(3), pp. 313-320.
[8] Alshammari, S. H., Ali, M. B., & Rosli, M. S. (2016). The Influences of Technical Support, Self Efficacy and Instructional Design on the Usage and Acceptance of LMS: A Comprehensive Review. Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology-TOJET, 15(2), pp. 116-125.
[9] He, J., Lo, D. C. T., Xie, Y., & Lartigue, J. 2016. Integrating Internet of Things (IoT) into STEM undergraduate education: Case study of a modern technology infused courseware for embedded system course. In 2016 IEEE frontiers in education conference (FIE) (pp. 1-9). IEEE.
[10] Andreassen, M., Hemmingsson, H., Boman, I. L., Danielsson, H., & Jaarsma, T. 2020. Feasibility of an Intervention for Patients with Cognitive Impairment Using an Interactive Digital Calendar with Mobile Phone Reminders (RemindMe) to Improve the Performance of Activities in Everyday Life. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(7), pp. 2222.
